Emulsions and process of producing them.



' ED Seli -1 S PATENT OFFICE. l I KARL MANN, OF-ZURIGH, SWITZERLAND.

. U Ns AN DrPROCESS OF PRODUCING THEM-T Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 30, 1906.

Application filed May 25, 1906. Serial No. 262,261- 7 .To alt. whom, itmay concern.-

Be it known that I, KARL MANN, doctor of tion.

This invention has reference to emulsions of bitumen and of asphaltmixtures and pros-- esses for preparing the. same; .anditisparticularlyintended todevise means for rendering asphalt and mixtures of asphaltwith pitch, tar, wax, resins, earth wax, paraffin,

petroleum, and with other substances which.

by themselves will not mix with water capab e of mixing with water.

The manner of carrying the process into effect will be shown by way ofthe followin example: About six pounds of soda-soa an fourpounds crudestarch are dissolve to a uniform mass by the addition offrom twenty toforty pounds of water and by the use of heat, the starch bein therebyconverted into paste. Then there is added to the boiling mixture,referably through a nozzle provided at t e bottom of the mixing vessel,a solution of one hundred and eighty pounds of bitumen or the mixture ofthe same with the substances ,above. mentioned dissolved in about fourhundred to six hundred pounds of I benzol, the solution being addedgradually I'while the mass is constantly and most intimately mixedand'agitated. The benzol becomes volatilized as soon as the solution ofbitumen flows into the heated mass and is recovered by condensation,whereas the bitumen withthe above-mentioned mixture remains intimatelymixed and in such a state of fine subdivision that after cooling themass while keeping it constantly stirred this intimate and finesubdivision will remain. Any water that might have been-eva oratedduring this operation should be ad ed again to the still hot mixturewhile keeping it vigor- I ously stirred. By working in this manner amass of ointment. consistence is obtained I which when stirred up orshaken with water will uniformly mix with the same and, in such a manneras to produce a well-keeping emul- S1011.

The meltin the materialssuch as fatty acids, fats, r sins, and 'thelikewhich are necessary r the formation of soap first with the bitumenor with the other substances to be process may also be modified by firstemulsified and when cold dissolving the mix ture in the solvents or bydissolving the ma.-. terials along with the bitumen, &c., in a solvent,in which case the alkali required must the .dissolved in the waternecessary for the conversion pf the starch into paste. Thesaponification will then take place gradually Examiner and in proportionas the solution of bitumen or of similar substances is alkaline pastymass. 5

The'process hereinbefore described can be readily carried outinsuitablyconnected mixing and distilling apparatuses which are providedwith means for effecting a continuous solution, the solvent being alwaysrecovered.

In a similar manner as bitumen, mixtures of bitumen with pitch,different kinds of tar of various extraction, or with paraffins, sulfur,fats, earth wax, crude petroleum, and

with the residues from the purification of petroleum may be worked upand treated according to the process above outlined.

The emulsion obtained vwith sulfur are, for instance, admirably adaptedas a substitute for the so-called Bordeaux mixture in the treatmentofplants with sulfur.

For effecting the solution it is evident that for everyvkind of materialthe most suitable solvents'that is to say, such as will possessthegreatest dissolving power at the lowest boiling-pointwill have to beused.' Such solvents are, for instance, chloroform, alcohol, severalkinds of ethers, ether-alcohol, low-boiling hydrocarbons, volatile oils,carlhfin bisulfid, tetracarbon chlorid, and the In place of crude starchit is also possible to use cereals directly and also potatoes and othervegetable and animal or inorganic colloidal su stances of any suitablekindsuch, for instance, as gums, pectin substances, vegetable mucilages,or colloidal oxids, silicates and in place of the soap it is possible touse the aqueous solutions or emulsions prepared by the aid of alkalis,of the alkaline earths, of

mixed with the:

soluble glass, or borax from fats, resins, lacquers, oils, waxes,balsams, paraflins, as well as solutions of saponin or the like,

To the bitumen employed for one or the other purpose correspondingadditions for the purpose of modifying its properties may be madesuch asresins, oils, fats, and the like, as well as any inorganic or organicfillin material.

' 0th the paste when diluted with water according to-the intended usage,as well as the paste in an undiluted condition, may be.

used for various purposes, and in particular for all purposes wherebitumen has been used heretofore in dissolved, powdered, or fusedcondition-thus, for instance, for impregnating fabrics, papers, andcardboards, and the like, for the coating of wooden articles and ofmasonry of any kind, besides for making fuel-bricks and ore-bricks, andespecially for the purpose of reventing the formation of dust in roadtra c and the'like.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is-

1. The process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolving anemulsifiable substance in a volatile solvent and in mixing the obtainedsolution with a mixture of soap and a colloidal substance.

2. The process of roducing emulsions which consists in disso ving anemulsifiable substance in a volatile solvent, in mixing the obtainedsolution with a heated mixture of soap and colloidal substance and incollecting the va ors of the volatile solvent.

3. he process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolvingbitumen in a volatile solvent and in mixing the obtained solution with amixture of soap and a colloidal substance.

4. The process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolvingmixtures of bitumen and of an emulsifiable substance in a volatilesolvent and in mixing the obtained solution with a mixture of soap andcolloidal substance.

5. The process of producing emulsions which consists in melting bitumenwith another emulsifiable substance, in dissolving the mixture cooleddown in a volatile solvent and in mixing the obtained solution with amixture of soap and a colloidal substance.

6. The process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolving anemulsifiable substance in a volatile solvent and in mixing the obtainedsolution with a mixture of soap and starch paste.

7. The process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolving anemulsifiable substance in a volatile solvent and in mixing the obtainedsolution with a heated mixture of soap and starch paste and incollecting the vapors of the volatile solvent.

8. The process of producing emulsions which consists in dissolvin anemulsifiable substance in a suitable vo atile solvent, in adding to thesolution substances saponifiable b alkalis and in pouring the mass in aheate mixture of colloid substance and alkali.

9. The process of which consists in disso vin an emulsifiable substancein a suitable vo atile solvent, in adding to the solution substancessaponifiable by alkalis, in pouring the mass into a heated mixture ofcolloid substance and alkali and in collecting the vapors of thevolatile solvent.

10. The process of roducing emulsions which consists in disso ving anemulsifiable substance in a volatile solvent, in adding to the solutionan alkaline substance, in pouring the mass into a heated mixture ofcolloid substances and of substances saponifiable by the alkali and incollecting the vapors of the volatile solvent.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

KARL MANN.

Witnesses EUG. BRASCHLER, A. LIEBERKNEC'HT.

6o roducing emulsions

